Computer Networking and Telecommunication internet and its services
Write very short answer (technical term) for the following.
a. What is the mode of transmission in which communication takes place from both the sides simultaneously?
Ans: Full-duplex
b. What is a computer network limited within a room called?
Ans: LAN
c. What is the interconnection between two or more computers to share resources called?
Ans: Computer Network
d. What is the set of rules and procedures that make communication possible among computers?
Ans: Protocol
e. What is the computer that acts as the central authority on a network?
Ans: Server
f. What is the computer on which users run applications?
Ans: Client
g. What is the amount of data that can be transmitted through a communication channel in a fixed time period?
Ans: Bandwidth
h. What is a network that extends beyond the boundary of countries called?
Ans: WAN
i. What is the device with multiple ports that joins multiple computers together?
Ans: Switch
j. What is the software that controls and manages all operations in a computer network?
Ans: Network Operating System (NOS)
k. What is the computer that controls and coordinates all the activities of the entire network?
Ans: Server
l. What is the physical interface between cabling and network nodes called?
Ans: Network Interface Card (NIC)
m. What is the topology in which all computers are connected by a common distribution channel?
Ans: Bus Topology
n. What is the device that accepts weak signals, regenerates them, and sends them back?
Ans: Repeater
o. What is the topology where all computers are connected in a closed circular loop?
Ans: Ring Topology
p. What communication media uses light to carry a data signal through cable?
Ans: Optical Fiber
q. What is the physical layout or cabling structure of computers on a LAN called?
Ans: Topology
r. What is the device that connects communication media with network devices?
Ans: Network Interface Card (NIC)
s. What is an intelligent device that connects two different networks and manages network traffic?
Ans: Router
t. What is the device that connects similar networks having the same protocols?
Ans: Bridge
u. What is the process of sending and receiving messages electronically through the internet?
Ans: Email
v. What is the very first page of a website called?
Ans: Homepage
w. What is a company that provides internet services to users called?
Ans: Internet Service Provider (ISP)
x. What are software or programs that search websites for us?
Ans: Search Engine
z. What is the process of copying files, documents, programs etc. from user's computer to the web server?
Ans: Uploading
aa. What is an internet tool that helps to upload/download files?
Ans: FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
ab. What is the term for buying and selling products and services online?
Ans: E-commerce
ac. What is the private network within an organization that utilizes internet services called?
Ans: Intranet
Write short answer for the following.
a. What is Communication? From which word is it derived?
Ans: Communication is the process of exchanging information between two or more entities. It is derived from the Latin word ‘Communis’, meaning common.
b. What is data transmission mode? List different types of data transmission modes.
Ans: Data transmission mode refers to the direction of data flow between two devices. Types are:
- Simplex
- Half-Duplex
- Full-Duplex
c. List the elements of data communication.
Ans: The elements of data communication are:
- Message
- Sender
- Receiver
- Medium
- Protocol
d. Distinguish between simplex and duplex mode of communication.
Ans: Simplex: Data flows in one direction only (e.g., keyboard to CPU).
Duplex: Data flows in both directions. It can be Half-duplex (one at a time) or Full-duplex (simultaneous).
e. Write the difference between guided and unguided media with example.
Ans: Guided Media: Data travels through physical cables (e.g., twisted pair).
Unguided Media: Data travels through air (e.g., radio waves).
f. Define computer network and justify how it reduces operation cost.
Ans: A computer network is a group of interconnected computers that share resources and information. It reduces cost by sharing devices (like printers) and centralizing data storage and management.
g. Write any two advantages and any two disadvantages of computer network.
Ans:
Advantages:
Resource sharing
Centralized data management
Disadvantages:
Security risks
Virus spread
h. What is Local Area Network? Write its importance.
Ans: A LAN is a network limited to a small area like a room or building. It is important for fast data transfer, easy file sharing, and resource sharing within organizations.
i. What is Metropolitan Area Network? Write its features.
Ans: MAN is a network covering a city or large campus.
Features:
Covers larger area than LAN
High-speed connectivity across city
j. What is Wide Area Network? Mention its characteristics.
Ans: WAN is a network that spans large geographical areas.
Characteristics:
Covers countries or continents
Uses public transmission systems
Slower than LAN/MAN
k. List the different services provided by computer network.
Ans: The different services provided by computer network.
File sharing
Email and communication
Resource sharing
Remote access
l. What is Networking architecture or model? List its types.
Ans: It is the design or framework that defines how computers communicate in a network.
Types:
Client-Server
Peer-to-Peer (P2P)
m. What is Protocol? List any four types of common protocols.
Ans: A protocol is a set of rules that governs data communication.
Examples:
HTTP
FTP
TCP/IP
SMTP
n. Sketch and explain about star topology.
Ans:
Star Topology: All computers are connected to a central hub or switch. Data passes through the central device.
(Draw Picture from your textbook)
Advantage: Easy to add devices
Disadvantage: Failure of hub affects the whole network
o. Draw and explain about ring topology.
Ans:
Ring Topology: Each computer is connected to two other computers, forming a circular path for data.
(Draw Picture from your textbook)
Advantage: Equal access to resources
Disadvantage: A break in the ring can disrupt the whole network
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