Class 10 Chapter 3 Computer Security

 Class 10 Chapter 3 Computer Security
Answer the following questions:

a. What do you mean by computer security? List three reasons to keep our computer secure and safe.

Ans: Computer security is the protection of computer hardware and software (including data, information, and programs) from accidental or intentional harm, theft, and unauthorized use.

Three reasons to keep our computer secure and safe are:

1. To protect valuable data, information and programs from being lost, currupted or pirated.

2. To protect our computer from viruses and crimes.

3. To secure computer system and it pripherals from being lost or stolen.

b. What is hardware security? Mention different measures to protect the computer hardware.

Ans: Hardware security is the protection of all the physical components of a computer system, including its main parts like the CPU, and its peripherals such as the Keyboard, Mouse, and Monitor, from damage, theft, and unauthorized access.

Different measures to protect the computer hardware are:

i) ID Card

ii) Regular maintenance

iii) Insurance

iv) Free from dust

v) Protection from fire

vi) Protection from theft

vii) Air condition system

viii) Power protections devices

c. What do you mean by software security? List any four software security measures.

Ans: Software security is the protection of computer programs, applications, data, and information from malicious attacks, vulnerabilities, unauthorized access, and intentional or accidental harm, ensuring they function correctly and securely.

Four software security measures are:

i) Authentication System

ii) Backup system

iii) Firewalls

iv) Cryptography

d. Write the importacne of information security.

Ans: Information security is important to protect data from unauthorized access, ensure its accuracy, and keep it available when needed. It helps prevent data theft, maintains privacy, and builds trust among users.

e. Why backup system of data and software is necessary?

Ans: Backup systemof data and software is necessary because we can create extra copies of data and program files and keep them in the secure place. It provides safeguard against the loss of data and program.

f. What is password? Write the common rules for making a strong password.

Ans:  A password is a secret set of characters that acts like a key, giving a user access to a file, folder, program, or computer system. It is one of the simplest and most reliable ways to protect data and verify identity.

Common rules for making a strong password are as follows:

1. Avoid personal info (family names, account names) that can be easily guessed.
2. Don’t use famous names (celebrities, places, TV shows).
3. Avoid numbers or sequences (e.g., phone numbers, 12345).
4. Use a mix of lowercase, uppercase, numbers, and symbols for complexity.
5. Create memorable yet hard-to-guess phrases (e.g., “Our cow kali gives 5 liter milk daily” → "ockg5lmd").
6. Change passwords regularly to maintain security.

g. Why is power protection device needed in computer? Name any four such devices.

Ans: Computers require a steady 220-240 Volts AC to run. Voltage fluctuations or surges can damage hardware and corrupt files, especially the hard disk and operating system. Power protection devices are essential to prevent such issues.

Four power protection devices are:

1. UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply)
2. Volt Guard
3. Spike Guard
4. Voltage Stabilizers

h. Write the role of UPS and spike gurd in terms of prower protection.

Ans: A UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) provides backup power during outages and stabilizes voltage fluctuations, preventing sudden shutdowns and data loss. It ensures continuous operation and protects sensitive components. 

A Spike Guard protects the system from voltage surges, often caused by lightning or electrical faults, by diverting excess voltage, preventing damage to the computer and connected devices. Both devices are essential for safeguarding computer hardware and data.

i. What is antivirus software?

Ans: An antivirus is software designed to detect, prevent, and remove harmful programs (malware) like viruses, worms, and trojans from a computer system. It helps protect your system from potential threats and ensures smooth operation.

j. Name two antivirus software.

Two antivirus software are:

1. Norton Antivirus

2. Kaspersky Antivirus

k. What is encryption?

Ans: Encryption is the process of converting data into a secure, unreadable format to protect it from unauthorized access. It can only be decrypted with a key or password.

l. What is decryption?

Ans: Decryption is the process of converting encrypted data back into its original, readable format using a key or password. It reverses encryption to restore the data to its normal state.

m. What is password?

Ans: A password is a secret set of characters that acts like a key, giving a user access to a file, folder, program, or computer system. It is one of the simplest and most reliable ways to protect data and verify identity.

n. Define firewalls. 

Ans: A firewall is a security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic. It acts as a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external networks, like the internet, to block unauthorized access and protect against cyber threats.

o. What are malicious codes?

Ans: Malicious codes are harmful programs or scripts designed to damage, disrupt, or gain unauthorized access to computer systems. Examples include viruses, worms, trojans, and ransomware, which can steal data, corrupt files, or harm a system's functionality.

p. What are the security threats? Explain any tow in brief.

q. What is biometric? Write any four uses of it.

r. What is keylogger?

s. What is botnet attack?